HIV Transmission
HIV is transmitted when certain body fluids from a person living with HIV enter the bloodstream of another person. These fluids include blood, semen, vaginal fluids, rectal fluids, and breast milk.
Common Ways
Unprotected Sexual Contact
HIV can be transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral sex without a condom, especially when one partner is HIV-positive and not on treatment.
Sharing Needles or Sharp Objects
Sharing needles, syringes, razors, blades, or other sharp instruments contaminated with infected blood can transmit HIV.
Mother-to-Child Transmission
HIV can be passed from a mother to her child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding if proper treatment is not received.
With medical care, this risk can be greatly reduced.
Blood Transfusions and Organ Transplants
Receiving infected blood or organs can transmit HIV. This is very rare in places where blood is properly screened.
Occupational Exposure
Healthcare workers may be at risk through accidental needle-stick injuries if proper safety measures are not followed.